Berliet was a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military vehicles among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a new five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it was put into 'administration sequestre' ıt had been in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by Renault in 1974 along with merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks company in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started his experiments with automobiles with 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were followed in 1900 with a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the plant of Audibert & Lavirotte with Lyon. Berliet started to create four-cylinder automobiles featured by a honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used instead of wood. The next year, a model was launched that's similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the driving licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.
Previous to World War I, Berliet offered a variety of models from 8 CONTINUE to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder model of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc design (12 CV) seemed to be produced between 1910 as well as 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were built upon individual orders merely.The First World War triggered a massive increase popular. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the particular French army. The military orders placed major demands for the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a 300 hectare site was acquired between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest in order to build a new principal factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entrance at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 load Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant everyday. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also producing shells and battle tanks right now. The number of workers employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the worth of annual turnover received multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new authorized structure was deemed ideal. The company became your Société anonyme des Vehicles Marius Berliet.Following war the manufacturer reoriented component of its production back for you to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless observed themselves with excess volume, as the army was no longer buying all the trucks the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded to the outbreak of peace by deciding to generate just a single kind of truck and a single sort of car, which represented a journeying from his pre-war market place strategy. The single truck where Berliet focused was the particular 5 ton CBA that had served the world so well during the particular war.
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The passenger car to be produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand at the 15th Paris Motor Demonstrate in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern look. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a key: rather than devote time and engineering talent to having a new car for the newest decade, he obtained and copied an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet content was well received within March 1919 when the idea had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Industry Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high along with the simple disc wheels were being large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the expense of just 11, 800 francs in April 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure that the steel used inside car's construction was with the same quality as the North american steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems to the early customers of the actual "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory ended up set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" on the rate of 100 cars on a daily basis which would have also been an ambitious target below any circumstances. The rapid drop-off widely used for what at this stage was the manufacturer's solely passenger car model that followed the standard issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded a single year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% on the share capital, but was unable to pay off all the company's creditors as well as the firm therefore fell into your hands of the banking companies. Berliet was nevertheless in a position to retain operational control. During the ensuring few years, supported by a sustained recovery successful that in turn reflected a good model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to pay off his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control above the business from the banks.
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