Berliet was a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military autos among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it was put into 'administration sequestre' it turned out in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired through Renault in 1974 as well as merged with Saviem right new Renault Trucks organization in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started his experiments with automobiles within 1894. Some single-cylinder cars had been followed in 1900 with a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to assemble four-cylinder automobiles featured by the honeycomb radiator and material chassis frame was used as an alternative to wood. The next year, a model was launched that had been similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the permit for manufacturing his model to the American Locomotive Company.
Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a array of models from 8 CONTINUE to 60 CV. The main models had four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder style of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc style (12 CV) was produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders only.The First World War triggered a massive increase in demand. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for this French army. The military orders placed major demands around the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a four hundred hectare site was acquired between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest so as to build a new key factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle the front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 lot Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by your French army. During 1916 40 of these were leaving the plant on a daily basis. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also producing shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the value of annual turnover received multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new legal structure was deemed correct. The company became the actual Société anonyme des Motor vehicles Marius Berliet.Following the war the manufacturer reoriented part of its production back to be able to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless located themselves with excess capability, as the army was no more buying all the trucks the factory could create, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded for the outbreak of peace by deciding to generate just a single kind of truck and a single form of car, which represented a leaving from his pre-war market strategy. The single truck what is the best Berliet focused was the particular 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during the particular war.
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The passenger car to be produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand at the 15th Paris Motor Display in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Form VB" of modern overall look. Marius Berliet was not merely one to miss a technique: rather than devote moment and engineering talent to creating a new car for the modern decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was once robust, and the Berliet duplicate was well received throughout March 1919 when this had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Buy and sell Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and the simple disc wheels were being large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the buying price of just 11, 800 francs in Oct 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure the steel used in the car's construction was from the same quality as the American steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems to the early customers of this "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational harm to the company.
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The factory was set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" on the rate of 100 cars every day which would have already been an ambitious target below any circumstances. The rapid drop-off successful for what at this point was the manufacturer's only passenger car model that followed the product quality issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded in one year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was slipped into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% with the share capital, but was unable to settle all the company's creditors plus the firm therefore fell in to the hands of the banking institutions. Berliet was nevertheless competent to retain operational control. During the ensuring several years, supported by a sustained recovery successful that in turn reflected a highly effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to settle his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control in the business from the banking companies.
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