Berliet had been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military automobiles among other vehicles situated in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from the five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when ıt had been put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired simply by Renault in 1974 and merged with Saviem in a new Renault Trucks firm in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started the experiments with automobiles in 1894. Some single-cylinder cars have been followed in 1900 by a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the actual plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to develop four-cylinder automobiles featured by a honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used as opposed to wood. The next year, a model was launched that had been similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the driving licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.
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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a array of models from 8 RESUME to 60 CV. The main models got four-cylinder engines (2412 cc and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc type (12 CV) was produced between 1910 as well as 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were created upon individual orders only.The First World War generated a massive increase in demand. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment within production plant and manufacturing facility space.In 1915 a 600 hectare site was bought between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest as a way to build a new key factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entry at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 heap Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by this French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant everyday. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also making shells and battle tanks right now. The number of individuals employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the value of annual turnover experienced multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new appropriate structure was deemed ideal. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Autos Marius Berliet.Following war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back to help passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless observed themselves with excess volume, as the army was will no longer buying all the pickup trucks the factory could develop, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to make just a single kind of truck and a single type of car, which represented a journeying from his pre-war market place strategy. The single truck which Berliet focused was the actual 5 ton CBA that had served the media so well during this war.
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The passenger car to be produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand for the 15th Paris Motor Show in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern visual appeal. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a key: rather than devote period and engineering talent to developing a new car for the modern decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet duplicate was well received throughout March 1919 when this had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Trade Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and also the simple disc wheels have been large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price of just 11, 800 francs in March 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure that the steel used in the car's construction was of the same quality as the American steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for that early customers of the "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational problems for the company.
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The factory had been set up to generate the "Berliet Type VB" at the rate of 100 cars every day which would have been an ambitious target within any circumstances. The rapid drop-off successful for what during this period was the manufacturer's simply passenger car model that followed the standard issues plunged the business into financial difficulties, with losses of fifty five million francs recorded a single year. Survival was in skepticism, and Berliet was used in judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% with the share capital, but was unable to repay all the company's creditors and the firm therefore fell into the hands of the financial institutions. Berliet was nevertheless capable to retain operational control. During the ensuring few years, supported by a sustained recovery popular that in turn reflected an effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to pay off his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control over the business from the finance institutions.
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